A way to build housing in swampy or floodplain areas with the help of vertical wooden racks (piles) scored in the soil has been known to many peoples of the world since ancient times. However, it became possible to classify pile work as a separate type of construction production only from the middle of the XIX century, when in 1845 the Scottish inventor James Nemit demonstrated the work of his pile up with a steam hammer. Then his car with a block of 4 steam hammers in 4.5 minutes scored a pile to a depth of 21 meters, producing a splash among those present. Then the engineer received many orders for a miracle machine, and for many years they successfully worked during the construction of bridges, channels and dams in all parts of the world: in England, America, Egypt and Russia. Today, piles clogging is an integral technological element of any more or less significant construction, hydraulic or engineering facility. The main functions of the piles are: perception and transmission of vertical loads from the structure to the ground; perception of lateral loads from the soil on the boundaries of pits and trenches, the creation of barous water barriers (sloping walls).
By the principle of transferring the load to the base, all piles are divided into two types: hanging – transmit the load from the building due to the friction about the soil of their side faces; piles-stands-transmit the load on an inconsistent rocky soil, resting against it.
According to the materials of the manufacture, piles are divided into wooden (made of wood of conifers or oak), steel, reinforced concrete and combined. These types of piles are made at industrial enterprises or landfills of large construction projects, but concrete and soil piles are performed right at the installation site by filling the drilled wells of the desired diameter. The lower ends of the wooden piles are made sharp and put protective steel shoes on them, and metal tubes are planted on the upper. Piles made of reinforced concrete can have both a continuous square or rectangular (polygonal) section, and with a round inner cavity or tubular. Steel piles can be made from specialized rental (TAVR, I -Taurus, Channel) or pipes. There are steel piles of the box, made by sections interconnected. Piles for shopant fences have special castle joints on the longitudinal edges, providing their density and water resistance. Combined piles consist of different materials: reinforced concrete with a steel tip or a steel pipe with concrete filling (steel pile).All existing ways of installing pile foundations are reduced to three principles: piles, unstressed immersion and stuffing (brownish method). The most used is the shock dive carried out by various types of hammers: steam, diesel, suspended, mechanical. A variety of the shock method is to click piles with preliminary leadership drilling. The vibrational method is used mainly in sandy or water -saturated incoherent soils that can be vibrated. The dynamics of vibration sharply reduces its friction of the pile on the soil, facilitating immersion.Engineer-93 has a large mechanized fleet of piles based on full-time excavators and a complete set of various hinged drilling and pile equipment, which allows our specialists to perform pile foundations and shop fences of any category of difficulty. We perform:
Piles of piles of continuous and compound with a cross-section of 30×30 and 35×35 using diesel-youth;
Leadership drilling of wells with a diameter of 200-350 mm;
The device of the rogue fences from the offspring, pipes with a diameter of 159-426 mm, Spunt Larsen L-4, L-5;
Vibro -loading of slopes (with possible extraction and secondary use);
Dynamic and static and pile trials.
The well -equipped production base of the company and the availability of professional repair brigades ensure non -failure work of mechanisms and compressed terms of work.