The construction process is quite a long and painstaking process. Until the construction of buildings, it is necessary to perform a huge number of additional operations for the preparation of the site for the construction, laying the foundation, the installation of water supply and sewer systems. The first stage during construction is the removal of the upper soil layer with a thickness of about 1m. Because it is this part of the soil that is not homogeneous and not even. The soil cut is carried out by a grader, part of the soil is transferred to the side, after which the lands are transferred to the dumps or taken to the plots for further use. After the site is freed from fertile soil, they begin to dig a pit, the depth of which depends on the properties of the soil and the need to build the basement. If there is no need for the basement, then a measured mesh is placed on the clasp, the contour of the pit is displayed with boards and the development of the trench is carried out.
The depth of the foundation varies widely, and with the established depth the construction should not freeze. The choice of technology for digging the pit depends on the properties of the soil that are divided into: o rocky (houses on soils are not built, because often under the influence of frost the foundation on such soil is destroyed); o coarse -luminous (the depth of the required foundation 0.8 m); Sandy and clay soils; o silt and clay (coherent); o embankment; o peaty (not suitable for construction).For each of the types of soil, different equipment is used. The main earthwork is carried out by excavators, bulldozers and graders. The most popular in the process of digging trenches are caterpillar or wheel excavators, as well as excavators of loaders. The most reliable and established by the special equipment of manufacturers of Hitachi, Bobcat, Takeuchi is. Almost all of these machines are equipped with reverse and straight shovels, hydraulic centers, graphs, it is these details that are important components in the digging process. Moreover, the Hitachi caterpillar excavator can also be used to develop rubberous and solid soils, because this type of technology is equipped with a hydraulic mine and a screw drill, which will help to cope with the stones.
The disposal and transportation of bulk soils, as well as the process of soil export, is carried out by bulldozers. Leaders in the production of such machines – Shantui, Komatsu, Caterpillar. The equipment of these companies is very high quality and reliable, is characterized by high resistance and operational ability, even in difficult working conditions. After conducting the above work, soil is exported in Moscow, as well as in other cities. Transportation of soils over long distances is performed by dump trucks of brands of KrAZ, KAMAZ, Howo, Volvo. In addition, dump trucks are an excellent technique for the removal of construction waste. Due to the high cost of special construction vehicles, most equipment surrenders for temporary use. The rental of a dump truck, an excavator, bulldozer, will help to carry out construction work on time to save money.
